Enhanced node B and method for RRC connection establishment for small data transfers

ABSTRACT

Embodiments of an enhanced Node B (eNB) and method for RRC connection establishment for small-data transfers in a 3GPP LTE network are generally described herein. The eNB may receive a small-data RRC connection request message from user equipment (UE) that may include an establishment clause value indicating small-data traffic either with or without mobility. The eNB may send an initial UE setup request message to inform the mobility management entity (MME) that a small-data RRC connection is being established. The eNB may receive an acceptance message from the MME for the small-data RRC connection which may include a reduction of an RRC inactivity timer for fast connection release. The eNB may send an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE in response to receipt of the acceptance to establish the small-data RRC connection, the RRC connection reconfiguration message including a measurement information element (IE) when mobility is to be supported.

PRIORITY CLAIM

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/140,932, filed Dec. 26, 2013, which claims priority under 35 USC119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/808,597, filedApr. 4, 2013, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments pertain to wireless communications. Some embodiments relateto small-data transfer in 3GPP LTE networks. Some embodiments relate tomachine-type communications (MTC).

BACKGROUND

Small-data transmission is becoming an issue for wireless communicationespecially for 4G (e.g., LTE) radios due to the burden of controlsignaling overhead. Compared to 3G, 4G provides an always connected datamode where the user equipment (UE) has the IP address. Whenever a UEconnects to an LTE network, a default (e.g., best effort) flow isassigned to the UE along with an IP address. Besides the connectionbetween UE and an enhanced Node B (eNB), this IP connection requiresbearer establishment between the eNB and the core network. Thus, settingup a connection requires a great deal of signaling overhead. Thisoverhead is negligible when the amount of data exchanged such as inapplications such as web browsing or file transfer is very large. But alot of other applications, such as social networking apps like Facebook,Twitter and machine-type communication (MTC) applications (e.g., smartparking meters), the amount of data transferred may be very small (e.g.,hundreds of bites) compared to the signaling overhead involved insetting up and tearing down the LTE connection.

Thus there are general needs for reducing the signaling overhead forfrequent small-data transmissions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a portion of an end-to-end network architecture of LTE(long term evolution) network with various components of the network inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates an RRC connection establishment procedure;

FIG. 3 illustrates an RRC connection establishment procedure forsmall-data transfer in accordance with some embodiments; and

FIG. 4 illustrates a functional block diagram of a UE in accordance withsome embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustratespecific embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to practicethem. Other embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical,process, and other changes. Portions and features of some embodimentsmay be included in, or substituted for, those of other embodiments.Embodiments set forth in the claims encompass all available equivalentsof those claims.

FIG. 1 shows a portion of an end-to-end network architecture of an LTE(long term evolution) network with various components of the network inaccordance with some embodiments. The network comprises a radio accessnetwork (RAN) (e.g., as depicted, the E-UTRAN or evolved universalterrestrial radio access network) and the core network 120 (e.g., shownas an evolved packet core (EPC)) coupled together through an S1interface 115. For convenience and brevity sake, only a portion of thecore network, as well as the RAN, is shown.

The core 120 includes mobility management entity (MME) 122, servinggateway (serving GW) 124, and packet data network gateway (PDN GW) 126.The RAN includes enhanced node B's (eNBs) 104 (which may operate as basestations) for communicating with user equipment (UE) 102. The eNBs 104may include macro eNBs and low power (LP) eNBs.

The MME is similar in function to the control plane of legacy ServingGPRS Support Nodes (SGSN). It manages mobility aspects in access such asgateway selection and tracking area list management. The serving GW 124terminates the interface toward the RAN, and routes data packets betweenthe RAN and core network. In addition, it may be a local mobility anchorpoint for inter-eNB handovers and also may provide an anchor forinter-3GPP mobility. Other responsibilities may include lawfulintercept, charging, and some policy enforcement. The Serving GW and theMME may be implemented in one physical node or separate physical nodes.The PDN GW terminates an SGi interface toward the packet data network(PDN). It routes data packets between the EPC and the external PDN, andmay be a key node for policy enforcement and charging data collection.It may also provide an anchor point for mobility with non-LTE accesses.The external PDN can be any kind of IP network, as well as an IPMultimedia Subsystem (IMS) domain. The PDN GW and the Serving GW may beimplemented in one physical node or separated physical nodes.

The eNB (macro and micro) terminates the air interface protocol and isusually (if not always) the first point of contact for a UE 102. In someembodiments, an eNB may fulfill various logical functions for the RANincluding but not limited to RNC (radio network controller functions)such as radio bearer management, uplink and downlink dynamic radioresource management and data packet scheduling, and mobility management.

The S1 interface is the interface that separates the RAN and the EPC. Itis split into two parts: the S1-U, which carries traffic data betweenthe eNB and the Serving GW, and the S1-MME, which is a signalinginterface between the eNB and the MME. The X2 interface is the interfacebetween eNBs (at least between most, as will be addressed belowregarding micro eNBs). The X2 interface comprises two parts, the X2-Cand X2-U. The X2-C is the control plane interface between eNBs, whilethe X2-U is the user plane interface between eNBs.

With cellular networks, LP cells are typically used to extend coverageto indoor areas where outdoor signals do not reach well, or to addnetwork capacity in areas with very dense phone usage, such as trainstations. As used herein, the term low power (LP) eNB refers to anysuitable relatively low power eNB for implementing a narrower cell(narrower than a macro cell) such as a femtocell, a picocell, or a microcell. Femtocell eNBs are typically provided by a mobile network operatorto its residential or enterprise customers. A femtocell is typically thesize of a residential gateway or smaller and generally connects to theuser's broadband line. Once plugged in, the femtocell connects to themobile operator's mobile network and provides extra coverage in a rangeof typically 30 to 50 meters for residential femtocells. Thus, a LP eNBmight be a femtocell eNB since it is coupled through the PDN GW 126.Similarly, a picocell is a wireless communication system typicallycovering a small area, such as in-building (offices, shopping malls,train stations, etc.), or more recently in-aircraft. A picocell eNB cangenerally connect through the X2 link to another eNB such as a macro eNBthrough its base station controller (BSC) functionality. Thus, LP eNB106 could be implemented with a picocell eNB since it is coupled to amacro eNB via an X2 interface. Picocell eNBs or other LP eNBs for thatmatter) may incorporate some or all functionality of a macro eNB. Insome cases, this may be referred to as an access point base station orenterprise femtocell.

As mentioned above, small-data transmission is becoming an issue forwireless communication due to the burden of control signaling overheadparticularly since the IP connection conventionally requires bearerestablishment between an eNB 104 and the core network 120. Setting up aconnection in the conventional manner thus requires a great deal ofsignaling overhead. Embodiments disclosed herein provide for a reductionin the signaling overhead for small-data transmissions. In accordancewith embodiments, an eNB 104 may be configured for small-dataradio-resource control (RRC) connection establishment in a 3GPP LTEnetwork (e.g., a E-UTRAN of FIG. 1). In these embodiments, the eNB 104may receive a small-data RRC connection request message from a UE 102.The small-data RRC connection request message may include anestablishment clause value indicating small-data traffic either with orwithout mobility. The eNB 104 may send an initial UE setup requestmessage to inform the MME 122 that a small-data RRC connection is beingestablished. The eNB 104 may indicate to the MME 122 whether or not thesmall-data RRC connection is to be established with mobility. The eNB104 may also receive an acceptance message from the MME 122 for thesmall-data RRC connection. The acceptance may include a reduction of anRRC inactivity timer for faster connection release. The eNB 104 may sendan RRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE 102 in response toreceipt of the acceptance to establish the small-data RRC connection.The RRC connection reconfiguration message may include a measurementinformation element (IE) when mobility is to be supported. Theseembodiments may achieve a significant reduction in control planeoverhead for setting up connections for small-data transfers. Theseembodiments are described in more detail below.

Some conventional techniques for small-data transfer have proposed touse purely control plane solutions whereby the UE does not have toestablish any data bearers and thus save time and air interfaceresources in setting up of connections over the air interface. However,these control plane solutions are constrained in several ways. Forexample, the solutions involving sending data over the control plane canbe used only for traffic being sent one way (i.e. either the UE sendsdata to the sender (i.e. mobile originated (MO) data) or the UE receivesdata from the sender (i.e. mobile terminated (MT) data), but notallowing both during the connection. Another constraint is the UE may beable to send only one IP packet during the connection. Some of theseconstraints arise due to the absence of the UE being allocated an IPaddress.

Embodiments disclosed herein may help minimize the control planeoverhead of setting up connections specifically for small-datatransfers. These embodiments can be applied to MTC and non-MTC devicesand allow multiple TCP/IP packets to be exchanged between a UE 102 and adestination.

FIG. 2 illustrates an RRC connection establishment procedure. Asmentioned above, there are several steps involved in setting up aconnection over the air interface between the UE 102 and the eNB 104 andbetween the eNB 104 and the core network EPC 120. The messages may beexchanged between the UE 102 and the eNB 104 and some of the messagesmay be exchanged between eNB 104, the MME 122, the S-GW 124 and thePDN-GW 126. In accordance with embodiments, some changes may be made tothe steps of FIG. 2 to help minimize the control plane overhead ofsetting up connections for small-data transfers.

When a UE 102 needs to send data from an idle state, the UE may followthe same steps from step 1 until however, in the RRC connection request,the UE may state that the establishment cause is to do a small-datatransfer. Currently this clause does not exist. Secondly the UE 102 mayindicate whether it needs mobility support during the transfer or not.This provides support for non-MTC devices which may need mobilitysupport even for small-data transfers since the device may be moving athigh speeds even when transferring small data.

In step 6, when the eNB 104 forwards the UE's attach request to the MME122, the eNB 104 may also include the information regarding small-datatransfer to the MME.

In step 7, the MME 122 may validate whether this particular UE 102 canbe allowed to perform small-data transfers and may send an acceptance.The MME 122 may modify the RRC inactivity timer for this connection to avery small value (e.g., to use the network RTT value such as 250 msinstead of current average of 510 secs).

In step 8, depending on whether the UE 102 indicated a need mobilitysupport, the eNB 104 may include information to perform measurementreporting to the UE 102. If no support is required, the eNB 104 doesrefrain from sending such information saving air interface resources.The UE 102 may then perform a data packet transfer once it is allocatedits IP address. The eNB 104 may release the UE's connection after theshorter inactivity period lasting on average the end-to-end round triptime to ensure no further packets were expected during this connection.

FIG. 3 illustrates an RRC connection establishment procedure forsmall-data transfer in accordance with some embodiments. In accordancewith embodiments, an eNB 104 may arranged for small-data RRC connectionestablishment. In these embodiments, the eNB 104 may receiving asmall-data RRC connection request message 302 from a UE 102. Thesmall-data RRC connection request message 302 may include anestablishment clause value indicating small-data traffic either with orwithout mobility. In these embodiments, the eNB 104 may send an initialUE setup request message 306 to inform the MME 122 that a small-data RRCconnection for the UE 102 is being established. The eNB 104 may indicateto the MME 122 whether or not the small-data RRC connection is to beestablished with mobility. In these embodiments, the eNB 104 may receivean acceptance message 308 from the MME 122 for the small-data RRCconnection. The acceptance may include a reduction of an RRC inactivitytimer 314 for fast connection release. In these embodiments, the eNB 104may send an RRC connection reconfiguration message 310 to the UE 102 inresponse to receipt of the acceptance 308 to establish the small-dataRRC connection. The RRC connection reconfiguration message 310 mayinclude a measurement information element (IE) when mobility is to besupported.

In some embodiments, indicating whether or not the small-data RRCconnection is being established with mobility is part of the initial UEsetup request message 306.

In some embodiments, the eNB 104 may add a field to an attach requestmessage 304 received from the UE 102 to generate the initial UE setuprequest message 306. The added field may indicate small data in adedicated non-access spectrum (NAS) information element (IE). The attachrequest message 304 with the added field may be forwarded by the eNB 104to the MME 122.

In some embodiments, the eNB 104 may communicate small-data packets 312with the UE 102 over the established small-data RRC connection prior toexpiration of the reduced RRC inactivity timer. The small-data packets312 may have a predetermined maximum size for small-data transfer.

In some embodiments, the UE 102 may be machine-type communications (MTC)device. In some embodiments, the UE 102 is a mobile device including asmart phone. In some embodiments, the small-data RRC connection requestmessage includes an establishment clause value indicating small-datatraffic without mobility. In some embodiments, the small-data RRCconnection request message includes an establishment clause valueindicating small-data traffic with mobility. In some embodiments, thepredetermined maximum size for small-data transfer is 1-Kbyte, althoughthe scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In accordance with embodiments, new establishment cause values areprovided in an RRC Connection Request message (“small-data traffic withmobility” and “small-data traffic with no mobility”). Furthermore, newmechanisms are provided for an eNB 104 to inform the MME 122 that theconnection request is a small-data transfer. In the attach requestmessage forwarded by the eNB to the MME 122, a field may be added toindicate small-data message in the dedicated Info NAS IE. The eNB 104may indicate to the MME 122 that this is a small-data transfer and mayalso indicate whether mobility support is required or not on top ofattach request NAS message. When the eNB 104 receives attach acceptmessage, the eNB 104 may send a RRC Connection Reconfiguration message(no measurement IE, no mobility IE, depending on whether mobilitysupport required or not). The MME 122 may also send an updated RRCinactivity timer value for fast connection release. If the core network120 knows this is a small-data transfer connection, it may not retainthe tunnel information between the S-GW 124 and the eNB 104 and betweenPDN-GW 126 and the S-GW 124 for long periods of time and may releasebearer resources earlier as well.

In Table 1, the new RRC Connection request message with a newestablishment cause is illustrated.

TABLE 1 Updated RRC Connection Request Message -- ASN1STARTRRCConnectionRequest ::= SEQUENCE {    criticalExtensions    CHOICE {      rrcConnectionRequest-r8    RRCConnectionRequest-r8-IEs,      criticalExtensionsFuture    SEQUENCE { }    } }RRCConnectionRequest-r8-IEs ::= SEQUENCE {    ue-Identity   InitialUE-Identity,    establishmentCause    EstablishmentCause,   spare    BIT STRING (SIZE (1)) } InitialUE-Identity ::= CHOICE {   s-TMSI    S-TMSI,    randomValue    BIT STRING (SIZE (40)) }EstablishmentCause ::= ENUMERATED {    emergency, highPriorityAccess,mt- Access, mo-Signalling,    mo-Data, delayTolerantAccess-v1020,SmallDataTrafficwithMobilityv12, SmallDataTrafficwithNoMobility-v12} --ASN1STOP

Embodiments disclosed here may be applicable to small-data transmissionsfor both MTC and non-MTC devices. Embodiments disclosed herein may allowsending multiple IP packets and also TCP/IP packets. Embodimentsdisclosed herein may be flexible for mobile and non-mobile devices.Embodiments disclosed herein may reduce the impact of measurementconfiguration for mobile devices, saving signaling overhead. Embodimentsdisclosed do not compromise security. Embodiments disclosed herein maysave UE power by releasing the connection quickly, also saving networkresources.

In some embodiments, the packets for small-data transfer are smaller insize (e.g. in the order of hundreds of bytes) with average packet sizeof 100 bits and may have a predetermined maximum size of 1 Kbyte,although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. Insome embodiments, an eNB 104 may refrain from including an establishmentclause value indicating small-data traffic for RRC connection requeststhat are not for small-data traffic.

FIG. 4 illustrates a functional block diagram of a UE in accordance withsome embodiments. UE 400 may be suitable for use as UE 102 (FIG. 1)although other UE configurations may also be suitable. The UE 400 mayinclude physical layer circuitry 402 for transmitting and receivingsignals to and from eNBs 104 (FIG. 1) using one or more antennas 401. UE400 may also include medium access control layer (MAC) circuitry 404 forcontrolling access to the wireless medium. UE 400 may also includeprocessing circuitry 406 and memory 408 arranged to perform theoperations described herein. The block diagram illustrated by FIG. 4 mayalso be functionally suitable for an eNB, such as eNB 104 (FIG. 1)although other configurations for an eNB may also be suitable. In someembodiments, the eNB may include network interface circuitry arranged toperform at least some of the operations described herein.

In some embodiments, the UE 400 may be part of a portable wirelesscommunication device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), alaptop or portable computer with wireless communication capability, aweb tablet, a wireless telephone, a smartphone, a wireless headset, apager, an instant messaging device, a digital camera, an access point, atelevision, a medical device (e.g., a heart rate monitor, a bloodpressure monitor, etc.), or other device that may receive and/ortransmit information wirelessly. In some embodiments, the UE 400 mayinclude one or more of a keyboard, a display, a non-volatile memoryport, multiple antennas, a graphics processor, an application processor,speakers, and other mobile device elements. The display may be an LCDscreen including a touch screen.

The one or more antennas 401 utilized by the UE 400 may comprise one ormore directional or omnidirectional antennas, including, for example,dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas,microstrip antennas or other types of antennas suitable for transmissionof RF signals. In some embodiments, instead of two or more antennas, asingle antenna with multiple apertures may be used. In theseembodiments, each aperture may be considered a separate antenna. In somemultiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, the antennas may beeffectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and thedifferent channel characteristics that may result between each ofantennas and the antennas of a transmitting station. In some MIMOembodiments, the antennas may be separated by up to 1/10 of a wavelengthor more.

Although the UE 400 is illustrated as having several separate functionalelements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and maybe implemented by combinations of software-configured elements, such asprocessing elements including digital signal processors (DSPs), and/orother hardware elements. For example, some elements may comprise one ormore microprocessors, DSPs, application specific integrated circuits(ASICs), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) and combinations ofvarious hardware and logic circuitry for performing at least thefunctions described herein. In some embodiments, the functional elementsmay refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processingelements.

Embodiments may be implemented in one or a combination of hardware,firmware and software. Embodiments may also be implemented asinstructions stored on a computer-readable storage medium, which may beread and executed by at least one processor to perform the operationsdescribed herein. A computer-readable storage medium may include anynon-transitory mechanism for storing information in a form readable by amachine (e.g., a computer). For example, a computer-readable storagemedium may include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM),magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash-memorydevices, and other storage devices and media. In these embodiments, oneor more processors may be configured with the instructions to performthe operations described herein.

In some embodiments, the UE 400 may be configured to receive OFDMcommunication signals over a multicarrier communication channel inaccordance with an OFDMA communication technique. The OFDM signals maycomprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers. In some broadbandmulticarrier embodiments, eNBs may be part of a broadband wirelessaccess (BWA) network communication network, such as a 3rd GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP) Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network(UTRAN) Long-Term-Evolution (LTE) or a Long-Term-Evolution (LTE)communication network, although the scope of the invention is notlimited in this respect. In these broadband multicarrier embodiments,the UE 400 and the eNBs 104 (FIG. 1) may be configured to communicate inaccordance with an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)technique.

In some LTE embodiments, the basic unit of the wireless resource is thePhysical Resource Block (PRB). The PRB may comprise 12 sub-carriers inthe frequency domain×0.5 ms in the time domain. The PRBs may beallocated in pairs (in the time domain). In these embodiments, the PRBmay comprise a plurality of resource elements (REs). A RE may compriseone sub-carrier×one symbol.

Two types of reference signals may be transmitted by an eNB includingdemodulation reference signals (DM-RS), channel state informationreference signals (CIS-RS) and/or a common reference signal (CRS). TheDM-RS may be used by the UE for data demodulation. The reference signalsmay be transmitted in predetermined PRBs.

In some embodiments, the OFDMA technique may be either a frequencydomain duplexing (FDD) technique that uses different uplink and downlinkspectrum or a time-domain duplexing (TDD) technique that uses the samespectrum for uplink and downlink.

In some other embodiments, the UE 400 and the eNBs may be configured tocommunicate signals that were transmitted using one or more othermodulation techniques such as spread spectrum modulation (e.g., directsequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) and/or frequencyhopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA)), time-divisionmultiplexing (TDM) modulation, and/or frequency-division multiplexing(FDM) modulation, although the scope of the embodiments is not limitedin this respect.

In some LTE embodiments, the UE 400 may calculate several differentfeedback values which may be used to perform channel adaption forclosed-loop spatial multiplexing transmission mode. These feedbackvalues may include a channel-quality indicator (CQI), a rank indicator(RI) and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI). By the CQI, the transmitterselects one of several modulation alphabets and code rate combinations.The RI informs the transmitter about the number of useful transmissionlayers for the current MIMO channel, and the PMI indicates the codebookindex of the precoding matrix (depending on the number of transmitantennas) that is applied at the transmitter. The code rate used by theeNB may be based on the CQI. The PMI may be a vector that is calculatedby the UE and reported to the eNB. In some embodiments, the UE maytransmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) of format 2, 2a or 2bcontaining the CQI/PMI or RI.

In these embodiments, the CQI may be an indication of the downlinkmobile radio channel quality as experienced by the UE 400. The CQIallows the UE 400 to propose to an eNB an optimum modulation scheme andcoding rate to use for a given radio link quality so that the resultingtransport block error rate would not exceed a certain value, such as10%. In some embodiments, the UE 400 may report a wideband CQI valuewhich refers to the channel quality of the system bandwidth. The UE 400may also report a sub-band CQI value per sub-band of a certain number ofresource blocks which may be configured by higher layers. The full setof sub-bands may cover the system bandwidth. In case of spatialmultiplexing, a CQI per code word may be reported.

In some embodiments, the PMI may indicate an optimum precoding matrix tobe used by the eNB 104 for a given radio condition. The PMI value refersto the codebook table. The network configures the number of resourceblocks that are represented by a PMI report. In some embodiments, tocover the system bandwidth, multiple PMI reports may be provided. PMIreports may also be provided for closed loop spatial multiplexing,multi-user MIMO and closed-loop rank 1 precoding MIMO modes.

In some cooperating multipoint (CoMP) embodiments, the network may beconfigured for joint transmissions to a UE 400 in which two or morecooperating/coordinating points, such as remote-radio heads (RRHs)transmit jointly. In these embodiments, the joint transmissions may beMIMO transmissions and the cooperating points are configured to performjoint beamforming.

The Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. Section 1.72(b)requiring an abstract that will allow the reader to ascertain the natureand gist of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with theunderstanding that it will not be used to limit or interpret the scopeor meaning of the claims. The following claims are hereby incorporatedinto the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as aseparate embodiment.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method performed by an enhanced node B (eNB)for small-data radio-resource control (RRC) connection establishment ina 3GPP LTE network, the method comprising: receiving a small-data RRCconnection request message from user equipment (UE), the small-data RRCconnection request message including an establishment clause valueindicating small-data traffic with mobility; sending an initial UE setuprequest message to inform a mobility management entity (MME) that asmall-data RRC connection for the UE is being established; indicating tothe MME that the small-data RRC connection is to be established withmobility; receiving an acceptance message from the MME for thesmall-data RRC connection, the acceptance message including a reductionof an RRC inactivity timer for fast connection release; and sending anRRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE in response to receiptof the acceptance to establish the small-data RRC connection, the RRCconnection reconfiguration message including a measurement informationelement (IE) as part of support for mobility.
 2. The method of claim 1wherein indicating that the small-data RRC connection is beingestablished with mobility is part of the initial UE setup requestmessage.
 3. The method of claim 1 further comprising adding a field toan attach request message received from the UE to generate the initialUE setup request message, the added field to indicate small data in adedicated non-access spectrum (NAS) information element (IE), andwherein the attach request message with the added field is forwarded bythe eNB to the MME.
 4. The method of claim 1 further comprisingrefraining from including an establishment clause value indicatingsmall-data traffic for RRC connection requests that are not forsmall-data traffic.
 5. An enhanced node B (eNB) arranged for small-dataradio-resource control (RRC) connection establishment, the eNB havingnetwork interface circuitry arranged to: receive a small-data RRCconnection request message from user equipment (UE), the small-data RRCconnection request message including an establishment clause valueindicating small-data traffic with-mobility; send an initial UE setuprequest message to inform a mobility management entity (MME) that asmall-data RRC connection for the UE is being established; indicate tothe MME that the small-data RRC connection is to be established withmobility; receive an acceptance message from the MME for the small-dataRRC connection, the acceptance message including a reduction of an RRCinactivity timer for fast connection release; and send an RRC connectionreconfiguration message to the UE in response to receipt of theacceptance to establish the small-data RRC connection, the RRCconnection reconfiguration message including a measurement informationelement (IE) when mobility is to be supported.
 6. The eNB of claim 5wherein the eNB is arranged to indicate that the small-data RRCconnection is being established with mobility as part of the initial UEsetup request message.
 7. The eNB of claim 5 wherein the eNB is furtherarranged to a field to an attach request message received from the UE togenerate the initial UE setup request message, the added field toindicate small data in a dedicated non-access spectrum (NAS) informationelement (IE), and wherein the attach request message with the addedfield is forwarded by the eNB to the MME.
 8. The eNB of claim 5 whereinthe eNB is further arranged to communicate small-data packets with theUE over the established small-data RRC connection prior to expiration ofthe reduced RRC inactivity timer, wherein the small-data packets have apredetermined maximum size for small-data transfer.
 9. The eNB of claim8 wherein the UE is machine-type communications (MTC) device.
 10. TheeNB of claim 8 wherein the small-data RRC connection request messageincludes an establishment clause value indicating small-data trafficwithout mobility.
 11. The eNB of claim 8 wherein the UE is a mobiledevice including a smart phone.
 12. The eNB of claim 8 wherein thepredetermined maximum size for small-data transfer is 1-Kbyte.
 13. Anon-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructionsfor execution by one or more processors to perform operations forsmall-data radio-resource control (RRC) connection establishment, theoperations to configure an enhanced node B (eNB) to: receive asmall-data RRC connection request message from user equipment (UE), thesmall-data RRC connection request message including an establishmentclause value indicating small-data traffic with mobility; send aninitial UE setup request message to inform a mobility management entity(MME) that a small-data RRC connection for the UE is being established;indicate to the MME that the small-data RRC connection is to beestablished with mobility; receive an acceptance message from the MMEfor the small-data RRC connection, the acceptance message including areduction of an RRC inactivity timer for fast connection release; andsend an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the UE in response toreceipt of the acceptance to establish the small-data RRC connection,the RRC connection reconfiguration message including a measurementinformation element (IE) when mobility is to be supported.
 14. Thenon-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 13 wherein theoperations further configure the eNB to communicate small-data packetswith the UE over the established small-data RRC connection prior toexpiration of the reduced RRC inactivity timer, wherein the small-datapackets have a predetermined maximum size for small-data transfer; andwherein the small-data RRC connection request message includes anestablishment clause value indicating small-data traffic with mobility.15. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 13wherein the operations further configure the eNB to communicatesmall-data packets with the UE over the established small-data RRCconnection prior to expiration of the reduced RRC inactivity timer,wherein the small-data packets have a predetermined maximum size forsmall-data transfer.
 16. The non-transitory computer readable storagemedium of claim 13 wherein the UE is machine-type communications (MTC)device.
 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim13 wherein the small-data RRC connection request message includes anestablishment clause value indicating small-data traffic withoutmobility.
 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium ofclaim 13 wherein the UE is a mobile device including a smart phone. 19.The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 13 whereinthe small-data RRC connection request message includes an establishmentclause value indicating small-data traffic with mobility.
 20. Thenon-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 13 wherein thepredetermined maximum size for small-data transfer is 1-Kbyte.